What is a tuberous breast?
Tuberous breast deformity is a congenital breast malformation that results from incomplete or abnormal breast development during puberty. Commonly referred to as “tubular breast” or “cone-shaped breast,” it is one of the most frequently encountered breast anomalies and can lead to significant aesthetic and psychological concerns, especially among younger patients.
What are the characteristics of tuberous breast deformity?
- Narrow breast base
- High or poorly defined inframammary fold
- Enlarged and herniated areola
- Breast tissue mostly concentrated beneath the nipple
- Asymmetry and uneven development affecting one or both breasts
Classification of Tuberous Breast Deformity
Tuberous breast deformity presents with varying degrees of severity and is commonly categorized into four types:
- Type I: Hypoplasia of the lower inner quadrant; areolar herniation may be present.
- Type II: Underdevelopment of both lower inner and outer quadrants; narrow base with prominent nipple.
- Type III: The entire lower half is hypoplastic, while upper quadrants may be well-developed; inframammary fold is elevated.
- Type IV: Severe hypoplasia in all quadrants, with pronounced overall breast deformity.
Treatment Options
The goal of treatment is to expand the breast base, correct areolar herniation, recreate a natural inframammary fold, and restore volume as needed using implants. Treatment is tailored to the severity of the deformity and may include:
- Areolar Tissue Release: Releasing the fibrous bands beneath the nipple to allow for a more even distribution of breast tissue.
- Inframammary Fold Reconstruction: Reestablishing a natural fold to restore anatomical breast contour.
- Silicone Implant Placement: Using appropriately sized and projected implants to restore volume.
- Areolar Reduction: Surgically reducing the size of the areola to improve nipple aesthetics.
- Fat Grafting (if needed): Used to enhance contour and symmetry, particularly in combination with implants.
Summary
Tuberous breast deformity is a complex condition that requires individualized planning and a nuanced surgical approach. With proper technique, natural-looking, symmetrical, and well-proportioned breasts can be achieved. This surgery significantly improves both the aesthetic appearance and the psychological well-being of the patient when performed by an experienced surgeon.
